South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands h

About South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands h

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (SGSSI) is a British Overseas Territory in the southern Atlantic Ocean. It is a remote and inhospitable collection of islands, consisting of South Georgia and a chain of smaller islands known as the South Sandwich Islands. South Georgia is 165 kilometres (103 mi) long and 35 kilometres (22 mi) wide and is by far the largest isl. South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (SGSSI) is a British Overseas Territory in the southern Atlantic Ocean. It is a remote and inhospitable collection of islands, consisting of South Georgia and a chain of smaller islands known as the South Sandwich Islands. South Georgia is 165 kilometres (103 mi) long and 35 kilometres (22 mi) wide and is by far the largest island in the territory. The South Sandwich Islands lie about 700 kilometres (430 mi) southeast of South Georgia. The territory's total land area is 3,903 km(1,507 sq mi).The Falkland Islands are about 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) west from its nearest point.The South Sandwich Islands are uninhabited, and a very small non-permanent population resides on South Georgia.There are no scheduled passenger flights or ferries to or from the territory, although visits by cruise liners to South Georgia are increasingly popular, with several thousand visitors each summer.The United Kingdom claimed sovereignty over South Georgia in 1775 and the South Sandwich Islands in 1908. The territory of "South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" was formed in 1985;previously, it had been governed as part of the Falkland Islands Dependencies. Argentina claimed South Georgia in 1927 and claimed the South Sandwich Islands in 1938.Argentina maintained a naval station, Corbeta Uruguay, on Thule Island in the South Sandwich Islands from 1976 until 1982 when it was closed by the Royal Navy. The Argentine claim over South Georgia contributed to the 1982 Falkla.

South Georgia17th to 19th centuriesThe island of South Georgia was first sighted and visited in April 1675 by , a London merchant and (despite his French name) an Englishman, who spent a fortnight. South Georgia17th to 19th centuriesThe island of South Georgia was first sighted and visited in April 1675 by , a London merchant and (despite his French name) an Englishman, who spent a fortnight in one of the island's bays.The island appeared as Roche Island on early maps.The commercial Spanish ship León, operating out of , sighted it on 28 June or 29 June 1756.in 1775 and made the first landing. He claimed the territory for the , naming it the "Isle of Georgia" in honour of King . British arrangements for the government of South Georgia were established under 1843 British . In 1882–1883 aexpedition for the firstset up its base aton the southeast side of the island. The scientists of this group observed theand recorded waves produced by the .at South Georgia began in 1786 and continued throughout the 19th century. The waters proved treacherous and a number of vessels were wrecked there, such as , in late 1801.20th and 21st centuriesSouth Georgia became a base forbeginning in the 20th century. A Norwegian, .

The sole official language of the territory is English, which is widely spoken amongst residents currently and used for nearly all administrative functions in the territory.Although English is used in the majority of government functions, the islands' motto Leo Terram Propriam Protegat is in Latin and is translated as "May the Lion protect his own land".The adoption of new plac. The sole official language of the territory is English, which is widely spoken amongst residents currently and used for nearly all administrative functions in the territory.Although English is used in the majority of government functions, the islands' motto Leo Terram Propriam Protegat is in Latin and is translated as "May the Lion protect his own land".The adoption of new placenames was governed by the Place-names Ordinance of 1956 and Place-names Regulation of 1957 until 11 September 2020, when a representative was appointed to the regional Antarctic Place-names Committee and a new list of three criteria was created for deciding new names within the territory.During British captain 's navigation of the islands, he set a standard for the adoption of new names in the territory based on four categories: expedition sponsors, the names of officers and crew, notable contemporary events, and descriptive names referring to the physical nature of the place or geographic formation.This standard was mostly followed by later visitors in the region, including by explorers from different countries, such as Russian explorer , who selected six new names within the territory in his 1819-1821 Antarctic expedition.Locations currently bearing names selected by Cook include , , and , amongst others.Additional English names given many years after in recognition of past visits byin the territory include , , , and .Prominent Russian-language names chosen by Bellingshausen include the .

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands are a collection of islands in the South Atlantic Ocean. Most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous. At higher elevations, the islands are permanently covered with ice and snow. South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands are a collection of islands in the South Atlantic Ocean. Most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous. At higher elevations, the islands are permanently covered with ice and snow. South Georgia GroupThe South Georgia Group lies about 1,390 kilometres (860 mi; 750 nmi) east-southeast of the Falkland Islands, at 54°–55°S, 36°–38°W. It comprises itself, by far the largest island in the territory, and the islands that immediately surround it and some remote and isolated islets to the west and east-southeast. It has a total land area of 3,756 square kilometres (1,450 sq mi), including satellite islands, but excluding the South Sandwich Islands which form a separate island group. Islands within the South Georgia GroupSouth Georgia Island lies atand has an area of 3,528 square kilometres (1,362 sq mi). It is mountainous and largely barren. Eleven peaks rise to over 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) high, their slopes furrowed with deep gorges filled with glaciers; the largest is . The highest peak isin the at 2,934 metres (9,626 ft).

The climate is classified as polar, and the weather is highly variable and harsh, making a() in . Typical daily maximum temperatures in South Georgia at sea level are around 0 °C (32 °F) in winter (August) and 8 °C (46.4 °F) in summer (January). Winter minimum temperatures are typically about −5 °C (23 °F) and rarely dip below −10 °C (1. The climate is classified as polar, and the weather is highly variable and harsh, making a() in . Typical daily maximum temperatures in South Georgia at sea level are around 0 °C (32 °F) in winter (August) and 8 °C (46.4 °F) in summer (January). Winter minimum temperatures are typically about −5 °C (23 °F) and rarely dip below −10 °C (14 °F). Annual precipitation in South Georgia is about 1,500 mm (59.1 in), much of which falls as sleet or snow, which is possible the entire year. Inland, the snow line in summer is at an altitude of about 300 m (984 ft). Westerly winds blow throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm—indeed, in 1963, 25% of winds were in the calm category at King Edward Point, and the mean wind speed of around 8 knots (9.2 mph; 15 km/h) is around half that of the Falkland Islands. This gives the eastern side of South Georgia (leeward side) a more pleasant climate than the exposed western side. The prevailing weather conditions generally make the islands difficult to approach by ship, though the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays which provide good anchorage. Sunshine, as with many South Atlantic Islands, is low, at a maximum of just 21.5%. This amounts to around 1,000 hours of sunshine annually. The local .

Executive power is vested in theand is exercised by the , a post held by the . The current Commissioner is , who took the post on 1 July 2022. Executive power is vested in theand is exercised by the , a post held by the . The current Commissioner is , who took the post on 1 July 2022. The executive, based in Stanley, Falkland Islands, is made up of a Chief Executive, three Directors, two managers, and a Business Support Officer. The Financial Secretary and Attorney General of the territory are appointed ex officio similar appointments in the Falkland Islands' government. On the island itself, Government Officers manage vessel visits, fishing and tourism, and represent the government 'on the ground'. A summer Deputy Postmaster runs the Post Office at Grytviken during the tourism season. As no permanent inhabitants live on the islands, noand no elections are needed. The UK(FCDO) manages the foreign relations of the territory. Since 1982, the territory celebrates on 25 April. The.

Commercial occurred on the islands between 1817 and 1909. During that period 20 visits are recorded by sealing vessels.Economic activity in South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands is limited. The territory has revenues of £6.3 million, 80% of which is derived from fishing licences (2020 figures).O. Commercial occurred on the islands between 1817 and 1909. During that period 20 visits are recorded by sealing vessels.Economic activity in South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands is limited. The territory has revenues of £6.3 million, 80% of which is derived from fishing licences (2020 figures).Other sources of revenue are the sale of postage stamps and coins, tourism, and customs and harbour dues.FishingFishing takes place around South Georgia and in adjacent waters in some months of the year, with fishing licences sold by the territory for ,and . Fishing licences bring in millions of pounds a year, most of which is spent on fishery protection and research. All fisheries are regulated and managed in accordance with the (CCAMLR) system. In 2001 the South Georgia government was cited by the for its sustainable Patagonian toothfish fishery, certifying that South Georgia met the MSC's environmental standards. The certificate places limits on the timing and quantity of Patagonian toothfish that may be caught.Fisheries.

PlantsNative plantsThe parts of the islands that are not permanently covered in snow or ice are part of theIslands. In total there are 26 known sp. PlantsNative plantsThe parts of the islands that are not permanently covered in snow or ice are part of theIslands. In total there are 26 known species ofnative to South Georgia; six species of , four , a single , six , oneand nine small . There are also about 125 species of , 85 ofand 150 , as well as about 50 species of macrofungi.There are no trees or shrubs on the islands.The largest plant is the tussock grass . This grows mostly on raised beaches and steep slopes near the shore and may reach 2 m (7 ft). Other grasses include the tufted fescue (), the Alpine cat's-tail () and Antarctic hair-grass (), and one of the most common flowering plants is the greater burnet ().Introduced plantsA number of introduced species have become naturalised; many of these were introduced by whalers in cattle fodder, and some are considered invasive.There have been 76 introduced plant species recorded in South Georgia. 35 of these are considered eradicated, with 41 still considered present on the island. 33 of these species are pl.

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